By R. M. M. Crawford
Margins are via their very nature environmentally volatile - does it hence persist with that plant populations tailored for all times in such components will turn out to be pre-adapted to resist the adjustments that could be led to by way of a hotter international? Biogeography, demography, reproductive biology, body structure and genetics all offer cogent causes as to why limits take place the place they do, and the aim of this e-book is to compile those assorted avenues of enquiry. Crawford's quite a few attractive illustrations of vegetation of their average habitats remind us that the surroundings is still necessary to our knowing of crops and their functionality. This publication is suited for scholars, researchers and a person with an curiosity within the effect of weather swap on our international.
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Extra resources for Plants at the Margin: Ecological Limits and Climate Change
Sample text
Here and elsewhere Fig. 20 Early Neolithic settlement at the Scord of Brouster, Shetland. The settlement appears to have been first occupied about 4500 BP and shows evidence of cultivation of barley as well as hunting. The end of occupation approximates to the beginning of peat growth at the site around 3500 BP. , 1986). Recognizing margins the practice of agriculture can be viewed as an early attempt at risk reduction in securing an adequate food supply. If marginality in relation to agriculture is quantified by an assessment of risk in terms of frequency of crop failure then nowhere is this risk more easily demonstrated than in areas with limited growing seasons.
The end of occupation approximates to the beginning of peat growth at the site around 3500 BP. , 1986). Recognizing margins the practice of agriculture can be viewed as an early attempt at risk reduction in securing an adequate food supply. If marginality in relation to agriculture is quantified by an assessment of risk in terms of frequency of crop failure then nowhere is this risk more easily demonstrated than in areas with limited growing seasons. In oceanic habitats in north-western Europe high lapse rates (the rate at which temperature decreases for each unit increase in height in the atmosphere) coupled with wind exposure magnify the risk of crop failure with increasing altitude.
Concept Definition Reference Pre-adaptation An organism may be described as pre-adapted to a new situation where pre-existing morphological structures or physiological adaptations have been inherited from an ancestor for a potentially unrelated purpose. Allaby, 1998 Refugium (plural refugia) An area that has escaped major climatic changes typical of a region as a whole and acts as a refuge for biota previously more widely distributed. , 1998 Relict species (climatic and evolutionary) Persistent remnants of a formerly widespread fauna or flora existing in isolated areas or habitats.